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| “公公”的历时考察和共时分析 |
| Diachronic Investigation and Synchronic Analysis of “Gong Gong” (Grandfather) |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 公公；古代汉语；现代汉语；普通话；方言 |
| 英文关键词: “Gong Gong” (Grandfather), ancient Chinese, modern Chinese, Putonghua, dialect |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 常用称谓词“公公”，词义丰富，使用复杂。从历时角度考察，古代汉语中的语义基本不变，表示祖父、外祖父、丈夫的父亲、对年老男子的尊称等；但元代以来主要表示丈夫的父亲，多用于面称，并泛化为对年老男子的尊称。从共时层面分析，现代汉语普通话中主要背称丈夫的父亲；而方言中语义较复杂，除了背称丈夫的父亲外，还可表示祖父、外祖父等，继承了古代汉语中的多数义项。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a common address term,“Gong Gong” (grandfather) has rich meanings and complex use. From the diachronic investigation, the semantic meaning of the word was basically unchanged in ancient Chinese, referring to paternal father, maternal father, husband's father and senior men. However, after the Yuan Dynasty, it mainly represented husband 's father, mostly used as an address form, and it was also generally used as a respectful address for senior men. From the synchronic analysis, it mainly refers to the husband' s father as a term of reference in Putonghua of modern Chinese. In dialects, the meaning of “grandfather” is more complex, and the word refers to husband’s father as a term of reference and also paternal father and maternal father, thus inheriting most of its meanings in ancient Chinese. |
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